Sip, Savor, Sustain: Craft Brews and Bites for Sheffield Island Lighthouse

The Norwalk Seaport Association invites you to an evening of exceptional craft beer, delicious food, and community engagement at Space Cat Brewery, located at 57 Chestnut Street in Norwalk. Mark your calendar for Monday, April 7, from 6 p.m. to 8 p.m., and prepare to indulge in a night of small-batch brews, hard ciders, and chef-driven appetizers by Ripkas Beach Café. Each carefully crafted pairing is designed to enhance the experience and showcase the brewery’s creative touch. From robust IPAs to crisp lagers, Space Cat Brewery’s dedication to using the finest, sustainable ingredients will delight even the most refined beer enthusiasts. 

This fundraiser supports the maintenance of Sheffield Island Lighthouse, Connecticut’s maritime treasure. At this relaxed yet engaging event, guests will hear about the Seaport Association’s exciting plans for 2025, including updates on cruise schedules, renovations to the Lighthouse, the Norwalk Oyster Festival, and new membership opportunities. It’s also a chance to learn about volunteering for an organization that has been preserving Norwalk’s maritime heritage since 1978. 

Tickets are $35 per person and include two drink vouchers (wine, beer and hard cider) and appetizers. With only 100 tickets available, advance registration is required. Don’t miss your chance to support this meaningful cause while enjoying a memorable evening. Purchase your tickets online click here or call the Seaport Office at 203-838-9444. Don’t miss this chance to enjoy a fun, relaxed evening while supporting a worthy cause. 

Proceeds from the event will directly benefit the upkeep of the Sheffield Island Lighthouse and its mission to preserve Connecticut’s maritime history. Join us to raise a glass to tradition, community, and the preservation of our shared heritage! 

About the Seaport Association 

The Seaport Association in Norwalk was founded in 1978 by a group of local citizens who had the vision to revitalize South Norwalk and preserve Norwalk’s maritime heritage. The Seaport Association offers a cultural, environmental, and historical journey to the Norwalk Islands. The Sheffield Island Lighthouse and the Light Keeper’s Cottage provide a unique historical and educational venue that strives to increase awareness, appreciation, and consideration for the environment and how the preservation of historic buildings contributes to our quality of life. The combination of the Lighthouse and the Stewart B. McKinney National Wildlife Refuge offers an unparalleled opportunity to educate children of all ages and adults about the importance of preserving Long Island Sound, our environment, and our maritime heritage.

Medicinal Monday...Spreading Dogbane: A Toxic Treasure with Centuries of Purpose

Apocynum Androsaemifolium, commonly known as Spreading Dogbane, is a striking member of the dogbane family, widely distributed across North America. Found in nearly all U.S. states, including Connecticut, as well as parts of Canada, this plant is recognized for its showy appearance and toxic properties. The common name "dogbane" and its genus name "Apocynum," which translates to "away from dog," reflect its poisonous nature—not only to dogs but also to humans, livestock, and other mammals. Despite its toxicity, Spreading Dogbane has held significant cultural and medicinal importance among Native American communities, where it was used to address various ailments and practical needs.

photo D. McGrady

About Spreading Dogbane

Spreading Dogbane is a bushy perennial that can grow up to four feet tall. This plant reproduces both through rhizomes and seeds. Its smooth, blue-green, oval leaves grow in opposite pairs, with pointed tips, while the stems, often light green to red, tend to sprawl horizontally, giving the plant a slightly willowy appearance. During summer, clusters of light pink, bell-shaped flowers emerge at the tips of its branches, adorned with darker pink stripes. These blossoms give way to long, slender pods that turn from green to red as they mature, eventually releasing cottony seeds. When the stems are broken, they exude a milky white sap containing glycosides—compounds that are highly toxic to humans and animals. In Connecticut, Spreading Dogbane thrives in fields, woodlands, and roadside areas. 

Cultural and Medicinal Uses

Medicinally, the plant played a significant role in traditional healing practices. Its roots were used to treat ailments ranging from stomach cramps and earaches to heart palpitations and sore throats. Certain tribes, like the Potawatomi, prepared decoctions of green berries as heart medicine and to alleviate kidney pain. Other uses included treating colds, headaches, and even convulsions, as documented by the Chippewa. The Iroquois utilized the plant's milky sap to treat warts, while the Cree used decoctions to support lactation. These applications highlight the plant’s extensive role in addressing both common and specialized health conditions. 

Ceremonial and Veterinary Uses 

In addition to its practical and medicinal uses, Spreading Dogbane held ceremonial significance. The Ojibwa, for example, regarded the root as sacred, incorporating it into their medicinal lodge ceremonies. The Okanagan-Colville smoked its dried leaves as an aphrodisiac, while the Chippewa chewed the root to counteract malevolent spiritual influences. 

Spreading Dogbane was also employed as a veterinary aid. The Cherokee created infusions to wash dogs suffering from mange, and the Iroquois administered root decoctions to horses to eliminate intestinal worms. 

Did You Know...

Spreading Dogbane is a close relative of Indian Hemp, Apocynum cannabinum.

Spreading Dogbane roots contain cymarin, a powerful cardiac stimulant.

Spreading Dogbane is an important source of food for bees, wasps, flies, and butterflies including the Monarch, American Lady and Spring Azure.

Spreading Dogbane is not found in Hawaii, Kansas, Louisanana, Mississippi, Florida, and South Carolina. 

Spreading Dogbane is also known as Flytrap Dogbane and Bitterroot.

While its toxicity might suggest otherwise, Spreading Dogbane is a plant of immense historical, cultural, and ecological value. From its use in crafting essential tools and textiles to its role in treating ailments and supporting pollinators, this remarkable plant serves as a testament to the ingenuity and resourcefulness of the communities that have utilized it for centuries.

Pour Sustainability on Your Pancakes: Experience the Sweet Magic of Bird Friendly Maple Syrup at GMF

Why settle for ordinary syrup when you can pour sustainability, tradition, and innovation onto your pancakes? 

For nearly 80 years, Great Mountain Forest (GMF) has been perfecting the craft of maple sugaring, blending tradition with innovation. Nestled in the heart of Norfolk, Connecticut, GMF is a pioneer in climate-smart forestry and the proud producer of the state’s first Bird Friendly Maple Syrup. This isn’t your ordinary syrup; it’s a testament to sustainable forestry, thriving wildlife habitats, and the beauty of a balanced ecosystem. Every bottle tells a story, and now, you’re invited to be part of it. 

On Saturday, March 15, from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m., GMF invites you to experience the magic of maple sugaring at their sugarhouse, located at 201 Windrow Road in Norfolk. This event is far more than just a visit; it’s an immersive adventure into the art and science of syrup production. From sap collection to the mesmerizing boiling process, you’ll see it all unfold before your eyes. Plus, you’ll have the chance to meet expert foresters and educators who will guide you through the fascinating science behind sap production. And the best part? Sampling the warm, delectable syrup made right before you—a taste of GMF’s extraordinary craftsmanship. 

What truly sets GMF apart is its 78-year-old Sap House diary, a one-of-a-kind log that meticulously records data on sap output, sugar content, syrup yields, weather patterns, migratory bird arrivals, and tree budding cycles. This treasure trove of information doesn’t just support syrup production—it fuels groundbreaking research on climate change and forest health. By visiting the sugarhouse, you’ll witness this perfect blend of tradition and cutting-edge science in action. 

While you’re there, don’t miss the opportunity to bring home a bottle of Connecticut’s finest maple syrup—a product deeply connected to nature’s rhythm. With every spoonful, you’ll taste the dedication that goes into making this amber liquid, from cold nights and warm days to overcoming challenges like climate change, acid rain, and soil health. Your purchase isn’t just a delicious indulgence; it supports GMF's mission of sustainability and forest stewardship. 

Can’t make it on March 15? The sugarhouse welcomes visitors on weekdays and school groups, depending on sap availability. Just call ahead at 860-542-5422 to confirm if the operation is in full swing. Don’t miss your chance to be part of this unique tradition. 

Discover Tina’s Woven Art, and Global Gemstones at Whiting Mills Third Annual Rock and Mineral Show – March 15 and 16

Mark your calendar for an unforgettable weekend! Tina’s Baskets and Woven Art is thrilled to announce the Third Annual Rock and Mineral Show, happening at the historic Whiting Mills, located at 100 Whiting Street, Winsted, Connecticut. Join us on Saturday, March 15, and Sunday, March 16, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., and immerse yourself in a world of creativity, craftsmanship, and natural wonders—all under one roof!

Start your journey in Suite 305, home to Tina’s Baskets. Award-winning artist Tina Puckett will be in her studio, weaving her stunning creations. From baskets and bowls to wall hangings and sculptures, her colorful, hand-dyed designs never fail to impress. Don’t miss her newly launched Butterfly Collection of baskets and bowls, featuring vibrant jewel tones and foraged bittersweet vines, or her “Perceived Languages” Hands Collection, each piece telling a story through woven art. Keep an eye out for George, her charming ginger-colored cat, who often supervises her works!

But the excitement doesn’t stop there! Make your way to the main hall, where the Rock and Mineral Show awaits. This dazzling event features 30 professional dealers showcasing an extraordinary selection of rocks, gemstones, fossils, cabochons, and healing stones sourced from around the globe. Whether you’re a seasoned collector or simply curious, you’ll find treasures ranging from awe-inspiring minerals to unique handmade jewelry.

As you explore, take the time to wander the halls of Whiting Mills, where other artisans proudly open their studio doors. Discover curios, antiques, handcrafted jewelry, herbal teas, crystals, candles, and even a hobby shop. Hungry? Refuel with sandwiches and hot drinks available for purchase. And the best part? Entrance to this spectacular event is completely free.

About Tina's Baskets 

Tina Puckett is a master weaver whose works have graced galleries across the globe. For over four decades, she has been crafting exceptional woven art using hand-dyed reeds, bittersweet vines, and unique found items like beads and seagrass. You can visit her studio in Suite 305 at Whiting Mills, Winsted, Connecticut, where she’s often weaving on weekends from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. To arrange a private appointment and experience her art up close, text 860-309-6934.

 

Medicinal Monday... The Fascinating World of Bearberry

While bears don’t truly hibernate, their sleepy state known as torpor ends as they awaken with the arrival of early spring. It’s during this time that their favorite snack, the aptly named bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), takes on an even more fascinating role. Beyond being a treat for bears, bearberry holds a rich history of practical and medicinal uses, particularly among Native American communities. 

About Bearberry

Bearberry is a hardy, low-growing evergreen shrub that graces rocky sites, dry sandy hills, and open woods with its distinctive beauty. Its white or pinkish flowers, tipped with red, grow in delicate clusters on branches adorned with red shredded bark. Throughout the year, its oval leaves transform in color—lush green during most seasons, red in the fall, and bronze in winter, returning to green in spring. The plant’s vibrant red berries are not only visually striking but also serve as a lifeline, providing sustenance to wildlife, including bears, which inspired its name.

Culinary Uses

The berries of this shrub have long been a staple in Native American diets, used in a variety of creative and resourceful ways. The berries were consumed raw, dried for future use, or turned into teas, broths, soups, and even fried dishes. Different tribes crafted unique recipes: the Cree combined the fruit with raw fish eggs, while the Eskimo Inupiat stored the berries in mixtures of bear fat or seal oil to make ice cream. The Tolowa baked the berries with salmon roe and sugar into bricks, and the Hanaksiala paired them with highbush cranberries or crabapples to serve at grand winter feasts. This adaptability reflects the plant’s incredible versatility and cultural significance.

Medicinal Uses

Bearberry isn’t just a culinary treasure—it also shines as a natural healer. Native American tribes harnessed its properties to treat a wide range of ailments, particularly skin conditions. The Blackfoot made an infusion of this plant and mixed it with grease and boiled hoof and applied it to rashes and skin sores, while the Carrier pounded the leaves into a paste and applied it to boils and skin eruptions. A decoction of the leaves was also used as a mouthwash to treat sore gums and canker sores. It's healing properties extended far beyond the skin. The Cheyenne made bearberry infusions to relieve back pain. The Chippewa smoked the roots to alleviate headaches, the Cree relied on it to prevent miscarriage, and the Flathead made a poultice of leaves to treat burns. The Ojibwa created bark decoctions for internal blood diseases, and rheumatism relief. The Okanagan-Colville made a decoction of the leaves to treat kidney problems and the Thompson made a decoction of the leaves to wash broken bones. 

A Sacred Smoking Tradition

One of the most intriguing uses of bearberry lies in its ceremonial role. The dried leaves were often pulverized and smoked, either alone or mixed with tobacco, giving rise to its name kinnikinnick. The smoke was believed to carry prayers to the Great Spirit, making it a vital part of spiritual rituals. Tribes such as the Chippewa, Eskimo, and Pawnee valued bearberry as a smoking herb, and in the absence of tobacco, they creatively blended it with plants like red willow, chokeberry, skunkbush, red osier, and even the bark of dogwood. The ceremonial use of bearberry highlights its role not just as a plant, but as a bridge between the earthly and the spiritual.

Did You Know...

Its scientific name comes from Greek arctos meaning bear and staphyle meaning grape.

Bearberry is an important source of food for butterflies. It serves as a host plant for several species including the Hoary Elfin.

Bearberry was first documented in The Physicians of Myddfai, a 13th century Welsh herbal document.

Whether nourishing bears in the wild or supporting traditional Native American practices, it stands as a unique testament to the relationship between society and the natural world. 

From Parks to Pavement: Haze Gallery Welcomes Xiomaro’s Bold NYC Street Photography

Haze Gallery in Berlin, Germany, has proudly announced its representation of photographer Xiomaro, an artist celebrated for his compelling visual narratives. Known for his National Park photography, which gained national attention through a PBS feature and was the centerpiece of a book with a foreword by Senator Joe Lieberman, Xiomaro now brings a fresh perspective to the gallery’s roster. However, his evocative series of contemporary New York City images truly captivated Haze Gallery's interest. This new partnership aims to showcase Xiomaro’s work to a global audience of collectors and art enthusiasts. 

Xiomaro’s transition from an entertainment lawyer to a celebrated photographer is as fascinating as his art. After conquering prostate cancer in 2005, he embraced photography, eventually earning recognition through the Weir Farm Artist-in-Residence program and commissions from the National Park Service. His candid street photography, much like his work in Weir Farm National Historical Park, offers a documentary style with an abstract, surreal twist. His striking images, often captured through the reflective surfaces of Manhattan's store windows, vehicles, and bus shelters, convey a dynamic interplay of chaos and energy. “I wanted to document how things feel – not just how they look – for preservation as future history,” Xiomaro explains. With over 11 percent of Connecticut residents commuting to New York City, his ability to encapsulate the frenetic yet mesmerizing energy of urban life resonates on a deeply human level.

A Shared Journey Through Art and Adversity 

The personal journeys of both Xiomaro and Haze Gallery’s CEO, Irina Rusinovich, reflect a shared resilience and passion shaped by health crises. Xiomaro’s battle with cancer not only led him to photography but also inspired him to adopt the pseudonym “Xiomaro,” which translates to “ready for battle.” Similarly, Rusinovich’s breast cancer diagnosis in 2016 prompted her move from Russia to Berlin, where she found new purpose in founding the gallery and Purple Haze magazine. Her commitment to making art accessible to all aligns with Xiomaro’s philosophy, making their collaboration particularly fitting. 

According to Rusinovich, who founded Haze Gallery in 2019 near Berlin’s iconic Kurfürstendamm, the gallery seeks artists who offer unique narratives and bold perspectives. Xiomaro’s unconventional approach fits this vision seamlessly. As Rusinovich explains, “Art should be accessible to all, regardless of background or prior knowledge. My goal is to demystify art, make it approachable, and spark conversations.” Xiomaro’s work does just that, weaving themes of history, psychology, and politics into his photographs, which he discusses in his forthcoming book, Street Photography of New York City – Street Haunting in the Big Apple (Fonthill Media, 2023). 

Bridging Art, Emotion, and Connection 

Through this exciting partnership, Haze Gallery continues to expand its mission of presenting art that resonates on a universal level. Xiomaro’s layered compositions and thought-provoking narratives invite viewers to interpret the chaos and beauty of urban life in their own way. His portraits, with surreal elements that float like thought bubbles above his subjects, provoke questions of identity, introspection, and humanity’s place in an ever-changing world. 

For more information about Xiomaro and his work, visit www.xiomaro.com . Together, Xiomaro and Haze Gallery are poised to captivate art lovers and collectors, offering a profound exploration of life through the lens of resilience and creativity.

Medicinal Monday The Dogwood Tree: A Symbol of Beauty, Utility, and Tradition

The dogwood tree, standing no taller than 25 feet, is a cherished symbol of spring, thriving across the United States from Maine to Florida and as far west as Texas. With its elegant pink or white blossoms, this tree is celebrated as one of the most stunning flowering trees in America. To Native Americans, the dogwood carries deeper meanings; its blooming season signals the time to plant crops, underscoring its integral role in their agricultural practices. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, Native Americans have long recognized the medicinal and practical value of the dogwood, utilizing its roots, berries, and leaves in inventive ways. 

Distinguishing Features of the Dogwood Tree 

The dogwood tree's beauty is undeniable with its three-to-five-inch blossoms—though technically, these "blossoms" are specialized leaves called bracts. The tree typically blooms in April, with flowers lasting for three to four weeks before giving way to scarlet berries that persist into the early winter months. The dogwood is truly a tree for all seasons. Its green summer foliage transforms into brilliant scarlet hues in the fall, while the dark, mottled bark provides a striking contrast against winter's snowy backdrop. Native to North America, the dogwood tree boasts eleven different species across the United States, each contributing to its reputation as a year-round natural wonder. 

Medicinal and Practical Uses 

For Native Americans, the dogwood tree transcends its beauty. Among Southeastern tribes, the tree symbolizes protection and safety, while in Mohawk mythology, it stands as the Tree of Life in the Sky World. Northwestern tribes like the Quileute and Makah associate it with good luck, and among the Zuni, its importance is significant enough to form the basis of a tribal clan name. 

Medicinally, the tree’s inner bark, rich in tannins, has long been used as a remedy for ailments such as malaria, fever, colds, and diarrhea. During the Civil War, its bark was even relied upon for treating malaria. The bark also found use in healing ulcers and sores, while the Cherokee chewed it to alleviate headaches. Ingeniously, Native Americans used dogwood twigs as early toothbrushes and toothpicks—an early example of sustainable living. 

Fascinating Dogwood Facts 

The name "dogwood" has intriguing origins, evolving from "dagwood" due to its slender stems being used for daggers and skewers in the 16th century. Some believe the name stems from it being used in hot water to treat dogs for mange. 

Its blossoms played a romantic role during the Victorian Era, where gifting a dogwood flower signaled romantic interest, with the recipient’s response revealing their feelings. 

The dogwood tree is vital to wildlife, providing food for birds and mammals through its fruit and seeds. 

Beyond its medicinal uses, its strong wood has been utilized in manufacturing tools, roller skates, spools, and even golf club heads.

Whether as a symbol of spring’s renewal, an emblem of cultural significance, or a resource for countless practical uses, the dogwood remains a tree of enduring beauty and utility. Its contributions to both the natural world and human history are as varied as its seasonal transformations.

Embrace Winter Magic: Norfolk’s Weekend WIN is Alive with Fun for All Ages!

When winter’s chill settles in, Norfolk, Connecticut, comes alive with warmth, creativity, and community spirit. On February 22 and 23, this charming town invites you to experience the highly anticipated Winter Weekend in Norfolk (WIN). Whether you’re an outdoor adventurer, a foodie, or an art lover, WIN promises an unforgettable celebration filled with activities for all ages. Best of all, most events are FREE and scattered throughout Norfolk’s picturesque surroundings—including the heart of the action at 2 Station Place. Get ready to embrace winter like never before! Explore the full schedule at https://weekendinnorfolk.org.

New This Year: Unique Experiences You Can’t Miss

Looking to spice up your weekend plans? Norfolk has curated a lineup of exciting activities that promise fun, learning, and a touch of adventure. Whether you’re a fan of sports, nature, or unique workshops, there’s something for everyone!

Start your day at the Pickleball Tournament, where the sport that’s taken the world by storm comes alive in the Botelle Elementary School gym. With matches scheduled at 8 a.m., 11 a.m., and 2 p.m., you can jump in as a player or cheer on the action from the sidelines. This friendly competition welcomes both seasoned players and curious first-timers! 

For those with a green thumb (or a fascination with fungi), don’t miss the Mushroom Inoculation Workshop at Husky Meadows Farm on Saturday from 1 to 3 p.m. Learn the art of creating your own mushroom log under the guidance of an expert. It’s hands-on, educational, and comes with light refreshments to keep you fueled. 

Outdoor enthusiasts will love the Wildlife Track Identification Walk with naturalist Andy Dobos. On Sunday from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m., explore the snowy trails of Great Mountain Forest to uncover animal tracks and hear the fascinating stories of the local wildlife. It’s the perfect way to experience nature’s mysteries! 

On Sunday, from 4 to 6 p.m., the Norfolk Library will host a special book launch celebrating “The Norfolk Library: History, Culture, Community.” This richly illustrated new book explores the library’s unique role in the town’s history and cultural fabric—a fitting tribute to its enduring legacy. 

Kids of all ages, come have fun watching movies and listening to live music at the Norfolk Hub on Sunday from 2 to 4 p.m. Films will be a mix of animated shorts from the Seattle Children’s Film Festival and selections from Disney.

Finally, stop by the Norfolk Library on Saturday at 2 p.m. for the Beaverland Talk by author Leila Philip. Discover the incredible world of beavers, nature’s hardest-working architects, and learn non-lethal strategies for coexisting with these industrious creature.

Sweet Delights for Your Taste Buds 

Kick off your day with a delicious pancake breakfast at the Icebox Café (10 Station Place), where every bite is drizzled with rich, golden maple syrup made fresh at Great Mountain Forest. Available on Saturday and Sunday from 7 a.m. to 2 p.m., this breakfast is the perfect way to fuel your weekend adventures. Don't forget to pair your pancakes with a discounted cup of chai tea—a warm, aromatic treat that completes the experience. 

And, if you are craving donuts swing by the Berkshire County Store. Simply show your WIN schedule to enjoy a special discount on their famous old-fashioned donuts, a local favorite that’s sure to delight. But wait—there’s even more sweetness in store! Great Mountain Forest invites you to their sugarhouse at 201 Windrow Road on Saturday and Sunday from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. for a fascinating maple sugaring experience. Witness the magic of sap turning into syrup, learn the science behind the process, and immerse yourself in the tradition of maple production. Be sure to call ahead at 860-542-5422 to confirm there’s enough sap to boil for this unique and educational experience.

Perennial Favorites: Tried-and-True Fun 

Looking for activities that combine tradition, skill, and a touch of adventure? Start your weekend at the Fly-Tying & Fishing Workshop held at the Norfolk Hub (2 Station Place) from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m. both days. Whether you're a seasoned angler or a curious beginner, this hands-on event is perfect for sharpening your skills, learning new techniques, and sharing fish tales with fellow enthusiasts. 

If you’ve ever dreamed of gliding a stone across the ice like an Olympian, visit the Norfolk Curling Club at 70 Golf Drive. Watch exciting matches, tour the facility, and learn about curling from one of the club members who will be there to answer your questions. 

History and tech buffs will appreciate the Michael I. Pupin exhibit at the Norfolk Historical Society located on the charming Norfolk Green. Explore the legacy of this electrical engineering pioneer and gain insight into his groundbreaking contributions. 

Lastly, the Firehouse Open House hosted by the Norfolk Volunteer Fire Department is a must-see. Get up close with the firefighting equipment, enjoy complimentary refreshments, and connect with the dedicated individuals who keep this community safe. 

Art, Music, and Culture That Inspire 

Dive into the vibrant world of art, music, and culture that defines Norfolk. Marvel at the works of Kathleen and Aaron Borkowski at the Norfolk Library and enjoy the still evolving college, “Celebrating the Northwest Corner,” on display at The Hub. Don’t miss the magnificent stained glass by the Franz Meyer Company of Munich, Germany, at the Immaculate Conception Church or the lovely floral designs of the Bavarian-style windows at the Church of Christ Meeting House.

For music enthusiasts, performances by a chamber music group from the Yale School of Music, along with local talents Michael Cobb and Seth Hagymasi, promise unforgettable moments. 

Be sure to catch Garet&CO’s in-the-round dance performance at Battell Chapel, running from 4 to 6 p.m. on both days. 

Whether you're exploring history, engaging in the arts, or discovering new passions, Norfolk has something special for everyone this weekend. Visit weekendinnorfolk.org for more details about these and other Winter Weekend in Norfolk events, plus updates as new events come in. 

ABOUT WEEKEND IN NORFOLK COMMITTEE 

Now in its tenth year, the all-volunteer WIN Committee organizes two town-wide events annually: the Summer WIN and the Winter WIN. Norfolk’s town officials, the Economic Development Commission, and many local organizations, institutions, and individuals support these two town-wide festivals in order to welcome people from near and far to this lovely town in the Litchfield Hills. Information about both festivals is available online at weekendinnorfolk.org.

Explore Revolutionary War Medicine with Dr. Ray Sullivan

The Middlebury Historical Society warmly invites the community to an extraordinary evening of history and medicine with the free lecture, “Rough Medicine: The Medicine and Surgery of the American Revolution.” This captivating presentation, led by Dr. Ray Sullivan, promises to transport attendees back to the 18th century, offering a vivid glimpse into the challenges, innovations, and resilience of colonial medicine during the Revolutionary War. 

Dr. Ray Sullivan

Dr. Ray Sullivan, a distinguished Medical Advisor for the Brookfield Health Department and Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, brings remarkable expertise to this event. With over 30 years of experience as a general and oncologic surgeon at Waterbury Hospital Health Center—where he served as chief of staff—Dr. Sullivan combines his deep knowledge of medicine with his passion for history. An accomplished author of two historical books, “Breakneck” and “Contentment: A Novel of New England’s Birth,” as well as a dedicated Revolutionary War reenactor, he delivers immersive and engaging presentations that are as informative as they are enthralling. 

During the lecture, Dr. Sullivan will explore the life and work of Dr. John Warren, a pioneering colonial physician and the first professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Warren, brother of Revolutionary War hero Dr. Joseph Warren, played a pivotal role in shaping early American medical practices. Attendees will gain insight into the harsh realities faced by 18th-century physicians, who worked without the benefits of anesthesia or a clear understanding of infection. Despite these challenges, colonial surgeons exhibited remarkable skill, performing life-saving procedures such as amputations and caring for soldiers in rudimentary camp conditions. 

To enhance the experience, Dr. Sullivan will display authentic medical instruments and medicines from the Revolutionary War era. Attendees will learn about their uses and see firsthand how these tools influenced the practice of medicine and surgery. This rare opportunity offers an engaging, educational journey into the past—perfect for history enthusiasts, medical professionals, and curious minds alike. 

Mark your calendars! The lecture will take place on Wednesday, February 19, 2025, at 6:00 pm in the Shepardson Community Center Auditorium, 1172 Whittemore Road, Middlebury. Best of all, the event is free and open to the public—no reservations required. Don’t miss this fascinating exploration of history and medicine!

Helping Trees Be Part of Climate Solutions: Inside Great Mountain Forest’s Groundbreaking Partnership with New England Forestry Foundation

 Connecticut’s Great Mountain Forest (GMF) will be a flagship practice and education site for the New England Forestry Foundation’s (NEFF) Grow Resilient Oak Hickory Forests (GROH) cost sharing program in southern New England. This exciting partnership, part of a USDA Climate-Smart Commodities project, makes GMF a leader in using science to help our forests adapt to a changing climate.

NEFF, America’s 6^th-largest land trust by acreage, chose GMF as a key partner thanks to the forest's dedicated staff, historic commitment to sustainable forestry, visionary leadership and its strong relationships with regional conservation networks and the Yale School of the Environment. GMF will host workshops in partnership with NEFF and share examples of silvicultural practices that are tailored to site conditions and promote forest health and resilience.

"This partnership is all about action," said Mike Zarfos, Executive Director of GMF. "Together, we’re helping forests and the people who care for them to combat climate change, protect biodiversity, and build ecosystem resilience while giving back to the community with good jobs and, eventually, ethically sourced timber." 

GMF-hosted events will include in-the-field training, woods walks and day-long workshops, giving participants actionable tools to improve forest health and cope with environmental challenges like drought and pests. These programs will involve learning about stewarding ecosystems and the countless species that depend on them, and how to boost the forests’ ability to recover from environmental disruptions.

GMF and NEFF are working directly with woodland owners, land trusts, foresters, and others to promote practices that prioritize forest health through sustainable management strategies. By implementing climate-smart practices, these landowners will be able to better protect forests against climate disturbances while continuing to produce sustainable, carbon-storing timber products—offering a win-win for the environment and the economy. 

About New England Forestry Foundation 

Through the application of its core expertise in conserving forestland and advancing Exemplary Forestry, New England Forestry Foundation (NEFF) helps the people of New England to sustain their way of life, protect forest wildlife habitat and ecosystem services, and mitigate and adapt to climate change. In partnership with landowners, New England Forestry Foundation has conserved more than 1.2 million acres of forest since its founding in 1944. It also owns and manages more than 150 Community Forests across the region. 

About Great Mountain Forest

Great Mountain Forest (GMF) is a leader in forest stewardship. For more than a century, we have been demonstrating how sustainable management can protect biodiversity and support ecosystems. By serving as a hub for education and research, we are spreading the benefits of sustainable management so that communities across New England derive educational, economic, recreational and health benefits from their forests—now and well into the future. GMF is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit encompassing 6,200 acres of contiguous forestland in Norfolk, Canaan, and Falls Village Connecticut.

 Photo credit, Lisa Heydan, NEFF

Medicinal Monday Ponderosa Pine: Nature’s Towering Healer and Builder

The Scent of History: Ponderosa Pine in the Air 

As the crisp air of this season carries the scent of pine, it also carries the whispers of history and tradition. Amongst the towering evergreens stands a tree revered by Native American communities for centuries—the Ponderosa Pine. Whether used for its medicinal properties, ceremonial significance, or practical uses, this tree has been a vital part of life for many indigenous cultures. 

About the Majestic Ponderosa Pine 

The ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) is a resilient giant that thrives in dry climates with rocky soil. Found across the western United States and Canada, its deep roots allow it to conserve and locate water even in arid conditions. Some of its unique features include: 

Thick, Fire-Resistant Bark: Older trees develop orange-red bark with black crevices, while younger ones exhibit blackish-brown bark. This thick bark helps it survive low-intensity wildfires. 

Variety of Names: Aside from ponderosa pine, it is lovingly nicknamed bull pine, pumpkin pine, yellowbellies, and western yellow pine. 

Needles and Cones: Its long needles (10-28 cm) grow in clusters of two or three, while its large female cones and smaller male cones are essential for reproduction. 

With subspecies stretching from British Columbia to Texas, the ponderosa pine is not only widespread but also adaptable—truly earning its Latin name, "Ponderosa," meaning “having great weight.” 

Medicinal Marvel: Ancient Remedies from Nature

Native American communities turned to the ponderosa pine as a natural healer. Each culture found innovative ways to use its parts: 

Nez Perce: Used green needles to treat dandruff; pitch was crafted into an ointment for back pain and rheumatism. 

Cheyenne: Applied pitch to hair as a natural styling product and to treat skin sores. 

Okanagan-Colville: Made an infusion of dried buds for eyewash and decoctions of needles to reduce high fevers. 

Paiute: Chewed dried pitch to create poultices for boils. 

Navajo: Brewed decoctions of needles for coughs and fevers. The tree’s seeds and inner bark were even consumed—crushed into soup thickeners or made into bread. Its resin was chewed as gum for fresh breath—a natural solution long before mints! 

Ceremonial Significance: The Soul of Traditions 

The ponderosa pine was much more than a medicine cabinet—it held spiritual importance as well. Some ceremonial uses included: 

Navajo Night Chant Medicine: Needles acted as a ceremonial emetic, while cones with seeds were used as ceremonial remedies. 

Sweat Lodges: Many tribes, such as the Okanagan-Colville, used boughs and needles in sweat lodges to relieve muscular pain or even combat witchcraft. 

These sacred practices highlight the deep connection between the ponderosa pine and Native American spirituality. 

 Practical Uses: Nature’s Swiss Army Knife 

Beyond medicine and ceremony, the ponderosa pine was an essential resource for daily life. Its versatility is extraordinary: 

Building Material: The wood was used for timber, shelters, canoes, and even firewood. 

Crafts: Bark fibers were woven into baskets, and needles were used for decoration. 

Dyes and Preservation: Green dye came from the needles, blue dye from the roots, and pitch was used for waterproofing and wood preservation. 

Interestingly, fire-seasoned snags of these trees even create habitats for small mammals and cavity-nesting birds, further proving their ecological value. 

 Did You Know? Fun Facts About Ponderosa Pine 

The ponderosa pine was crowned Montana's official state tree in 1949. 

It’s the most widely distributed pine tree in the U.S. and has even been introduced to Europe. 

The tallest known ponderosa pine stands 268 feet tall in Portland, Oregon. 

“Ponderosa” refers to the tree’s impressive size.

A Tree of Timeless Wonders 

The ponderosa pine is much more than a tree—it's a symbol of survival, adaptability, and deep connection to the earth. Its towering presence stretches beyond physical dimensions, embodying centuries of wisdom and utility. Whether basking in its shade or marveling at its resilience, we are reminded of how profoundly nature intertwines with human life. So, the next time you catch the scent of pine in the air, take a moment to appreciate